Mpox in the Democratic Republic of Congo: A Crisis Unfolding

The Endemic Nature of Clade I Mpox in the DRC

Clade I mpox, a viral infection that causes skin rashes and lesions, is endemic in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). This means that the virus is regularly present and has established itself within the population.

The current outbreak of clade I mpox in the DRC is the most widespread ever recorded in the country, surpassing previous outbreaks by a significant margin.

Global Spread of Clade I Mpox

The clade I mpox virus has spread beyond the DRC, infecting individuals in other parts of Africa and abroad. From January 1, 2023, to November 12, 2023, there were 12,569 suspected cases of mpox, including 581 suspected deaths, reported globally.

In 2024, as of May 26, the DRC reported 7,851 cases of mpox, resulting in 384 deaths, with a case fatality rate (CFR) of 4.9%.

Historical Context and Global Neglect

Mpox originating in Africa has been neglected in the past, leading to the global outbreak in 2022. Limited attention and resources were allocated to controlling the virus in African countries, exacerbating its spread.

Urgent Action Required

The current outbreak in the DRC serves as a wake-up call for the international community. Decisive action is needed to prevent history from repeating itself and to contain the spread of mpox both within the DRC and globally.

DRC's Response to the Crisis

Since January 2023, the DRC has been reporting the highest number of annual suspected clade I mpox cases on record. The government has implemented measures to combat the outbreak, including surveillance, contact tracing, and vaccination campaigns.

Endemicity of Clade I MPXV

Clade I MPXV, the virus that causes mpox, is naturally endemic in certain regions of Africa. Endemicity means that the virus is routinely present within a population and may cause periodic outbreaks.